Efektivitas Agen Imunomodulator Dalam Modulasi Respons Imun Pada Pasien Penyakit Autoimun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59585/bajik.v5i1.1424Keywords:
Autoimun, Imunomodulator, Biologik, Sitokin, Respons Imun.Abstract
Latar Belakang: Penyakit autoimun merupakan kelompok penyakit kronis yang ditandai oleh hilangnya toleransi imun terhadap antigen tubuh sendiri sehingga menyebabkan inflamasi kronis dan kerusakan jaringan. Diperkirakan lebih dari 80 jenis penyakit autoimun telah diidentifikasi, termasuk rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, dan autoimmune thyroid disease. Perkembangan terapi imunomodulator telah mengubah tata laksana penyakit autoimun melalui pengendalian aktivitas sistem imun tanpa menyebabkan imunosupresi total. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas agen imunomodulator dalam memodulasi respons imun pada pasien penyakit autoimun berdasarkan bukti ilmiah terkini. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review sesuai pedoman PRISMA 2020. Artikel dicari melalui PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, dan Cochrane Library dengan rentang publikasi 2020–2025. Kualitas artikel dinilai menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools, sedangkan risiko bias dievaluasi menggunakan RoB 2 dan ROBINS-I. Hasil: Sebanyak 27 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Agen biologik seperti inhibitor TNF-α, inhibitor IL-6, inhibitor IL-17, inhibitor IL-23, rituximab, abatacept, dan inhibitor JAK menunjukkan efektivitas yang tinggi dalam menurunkan aktivitas penyakit, kadar sitokin proinflamasi, autoantibodi, serta biomarker inflamasi. Terapi biologik juga meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan menurunkan angka kekambuhan dibandingkan terapi konvensional. Kesimpulan: Agen imunomodulator modern memberikan manfaat yang signifikan dalam mengendalikan penyakit autoimun melalui modulasi berbagai jalur imun. Pemilihan terapi perlu disesuaikan dengan karakteristik penyakit, profil imunologis pasien, keamanan, dan risiko efek samping.
References
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Aletaha D, Smolen JS. Diagnosis and management of rheumatoid arthritis: a review. JAMA. 2018;320(13):1360–72.
Beard JR, Officer A, de Carvalho IA, Sadana R, Pot AM, Michel JP, et al. The World report on ageing and health: a policy framework for healthy ageing. Lancet. 2016;387(10033):2145–54.
Burmester GR, Pope JE. Novel treatment strategies in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2022;399(10342):2304–18.
Damsky W, Peterson D, Ramseier J, Al-Bawardy B, Chun H, Proctor D, et al. The emerging role of Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;147(3):814–26.
Eni Kurniati, Rahmat Pannyiwi, & Meillisa Carlen Mainassy. (2026). Karakterisasi Peran Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Herbal terhadap Aktivitas Antibakteri pada Mikroorganisme Patogen Manusia. Barongko: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 4(3), 947–955. https://doi.org/10.59585/bajik.v4i3.1182
Firestein GS, McInnes IB. Immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Immunity. 2017;46(2):183–96.
Harnia, H., Mainassy, M. C., Simanjuntak, G. G., & Pannyiwi, R. (2026). Identification And Characterization Of Pathogenic Microorganisms In The Health Environment. International Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1), 226–231. https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v4i1.1141
Harigai M, Honda S. Selectivity of Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Drugs. 2020;80(12):1183–201.
Kerschbaumer A, Smolen JS, Nash P, Doerner T, Dougados M, Fleischmann R, et al. Points to consider for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with Janus kinase inhibitors: a systematic literature research. RMD Open. 2020;6(3):e001374.
McInnes IB, Gravallese EM. Immune-mediated inflammatory disease therapeutics: past, present and future. Cell. 2021;184(16):4137–59.
Moura RA, Fonseca JE. JAK inhibitors and modulation of B-cell immune responses in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;7:607725.
Nursinah, A., Suabey, S., Kadir, E., Asmi, A. S., Purbanova, R., Henderika Litaay, S. C., & Pannyiwi, R. (2023). Environmental Sociology Approach From A Social Risk Perspective. International Journal of Health Sciences, 1(2), 102–110. https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v1i2.59
O'Shea JJ, Gadina M. Selective Janus kinase inhibitors come of age. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(2):74–5.
Pannyiwi, R., & Ali, A. (2026). Peran Pendidikan Kesehatan Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Remaja Terhadap Bahaya Narkoba. JIMAD : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 3(4), 226–231. https://jurnal.agdosi.com/index.php/JIMAD/article/view/1324
Smolen JS, Landewé RBM, Bergstra SA, Kerschbaumer A, Sepriano A, Aletaha D, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2022 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82(1):3–18.
Takeuchi T, Genovese MC, Haraoui B, Li Z, Xie L, Klar R, et al. Safety and effectiveness of targeted therapies in autoimmune diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2022;61(Suppl 2):ii1–ii14.
World Health Organization. Global strategy and action plan on ageing and health. Geneva: WHO; 2017.
World Health Organization. World report on ageing and health. Geneva: WHO; 2015.
World Health Organization. Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030. Geneva: WHO; 2020.
Yates M, Mootoo A, Adas M, Bechman K, Rampes S, Patel V, et al. Venous thromboembolism risk with JAK inhibitors: a meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2021;60(11):5184–7.
Zarrin AA, Bao K, Lupardus P, Vucic D. Kinase inhibition in autoimmunity and inflammation. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2021;20(1):39–63. (Nature)
Zaenal, Z., Pannyiwi, R., Mainassy, M. C., Nawangwulan, K., Yusfik, Y., Noviar, R. A., & Saputra, M. K. F. (2024). Penyuluhan Kesehatan Dan Deteksi Dini Penyakit Jantung Koroner Dengan Pemeriksaan Rekam EKG (Elektrokardiogram) di Muara Angke Kel. Pluit, Kec. Penjaringan. Sahabat Sosial: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 3(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.59585/sosisabdimas.v3i1.514
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Meillisa Carlen Mainassy, Rezqiqah Aulia Rahmat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
