Asuhan Keperawatan Pada Anak Dengan Hidrosefalus Dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Neurologis
Keywords:
Asuhan Keperawatan, Hidrosefalus, Anak, Kebutuhan Neurologis, Keperawatan AnakAbstract
ABSTRACT
Hydrocephalus is one of the most common neurological disorders in children, characterized by excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the cerebral ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure. This condition may impair neurological, motor, cognitive, and developmental functions if not managed appropriately. Nurses play an essential role in providing comprehensive nursing care through neurological assessment, continuous monitoring, complication prevention, family education, and multidisciplinary collaboration. This study aimed to analyze nursing care provided for children with hydrocephalus in fulfilling neurological needs. A quantitative cross-sectional analytical design was employed involving 35 pediatric nurses selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, nursing observation sheets, and medical record documentation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square analysis. The results showed that 71.4% of nurses demonstrated good nursing care implementation, while 68.6% of children achieved adequate fulfillment of neurological needs. Chi-Square analysis revealed a significant relationship between nursing care quality and fulfillment of neurological needs among children with hydrocephalus (p = 0.002).
Keywords: Nursing Care, Hydrocephalus, Children, Neurological Needs, Pediatric Nursing.
ABSTRAK
Hidrosefalus merupakan salah satu kelainan neurologis pada anak yang ditandai dengan penumpukan cairan serebrospinal (CSS) di dalam sistem ventrikel otak sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan tekanan intrakranial. Kondisi ini dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, terutama fungsi neurologis, motorik, kognitif, serta kualitas hidup apabila tidak ditangani secara tepat. Perawat memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif untuk memenuhi kebutuhan neurologis anak melalui pengkajian, pemantauan status neurologis, pencegahan komplikasi, edukasi keluarga, dan kolaborasi dengan tim multidisiplin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan hidrosefalus dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan neurologis. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif analitik metode cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 35 perawat yang bekerja di ruang perawatan anak menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuesioner, lembar observasi pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan, serta dokumentasi rekam medis. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar perawat telah melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan dengan kategori baik (71,4%). Pemenuhan kebutuhan neurologis anak juga berada pada kategori baik (68,6%). Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas asuhan keperawatan dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan neurologis anak penderita hidrosefalus (p = 0,002).
Kata Kunci: Asuhan Keperawatan, Hidrosefalus, Anak, Kebutuhan Neurologis, Keperawatan Anak.
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