Hubungan Durasi Melaut Dengan Status Kesehatan Nelayan
The Relationship Between Duration of Time Spent at Sea and the Health Status of Fishermen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59585/bajik.v5i1.1888Keywords:
Durasi Melaut, Nelayan, Pekerjaan, Status Kesehatan, Kesehatan KerjaAbstract
Latar Belakang: Nelayan merupakan kelompok pekerja yang memiliki karakteristik pekerjaan dengan paparan lingkungan yang khas, seperti paparan sinar matahari, angin, gelombang, kebisingan mesin, kelelahan fisik, perubahan waktu tidur, serta kondisi kerja yang berlangsung dalam waktu lama. Durasi melaut yang panjang dapat memengaruhi waktu istirahat, pola makan, aktivitas fisik, dan kondisi kesehatan nelayan. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan durasi melaut dengan status kesehatan nelayan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 nelayan yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel independen adalah durasi melaut, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah status kesehatan nelayan. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner karakteristik pekerjaan dan kuesioner status kesehatan. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil: Sebanyak 57 responden (57,0%) memiliki durasi melaut ≤7 hari dalam satu kali periode melaut dan 43 responden (43,0%) memiliki durasi >7 hari. Status kesehatan baik ditemukan pada 61 responden (61,0%), sedangkan 39 responden (39,0%) memiliki status kesehatan kurang baik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara durasi melaut dengan status kesehatan nelayan (p=0,003). Nelayan dengan durasi melaut lebih panjang lebih banyak mengalami status kesehatan kurang baik. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara durasi melaut dengan status kesehatan nelayan. Pengaturan waktu kerja dan istirahat, pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi, pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala, serta penerapan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja diperlukan untuk mempertahankan kondisi kesehatan nelayan.
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