Dampak Paparan Asap Rokok Terhadap Kesehatan Perokok Pasif Dalam Keluarga
Keywords:
Asap Rokok, Perokok Pasif, Kesehatan Keluarga, Gangguan Pernapasan, Paparan LingkunganAbstract
ABSTRACT
Exposure to cigarette smoke is a major environmental health problem that significantly affects public health. Passive smokers, especially family members living with active smokers, are at risk of developing various health problems due to continuous exposure to tobacco smoke. Cigarette smoke contains harmful substances that increase the risk of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and other health complications. This study aimed to analyze the impact of cigarette smoke exposure on the health of passive smokers within families and identify factors associated with increased health risks due to secondhand smoke exposure. This study used a quantitative analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 100 family members living with active smokers. Data were collected using questionnaires assessing cigarette smoke exposure intensity, characteristics of active smokers, and respondents’ health conditions. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α=0.05. The findings showed that most respondents experienced high levels of cigarette smoke exposure (58%). The most common health complaints were recurrent cough (42%), shortness of breath (35%), and throat irritation (31%). Statistical analysis showed a significant association between cigarette smoke exposure and respiratory health problems among passive smokers (p=0.002). Household cigarette smoke exposure is associated with increased health risks among passive smokers. Family education and implementation of smoke-free homes are needed to reduce exposure and protect family health.
Keywords: Cigarette Smoke, Passive Smokers, Family Health, Respiratory Disorders, Environmental Exposure
ABSTRAK
Paparan asap rokok merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan lingkungan yang berdampak besar terhadap kesehatan masyarakat. Perokok pasif, terutama anggota keluarga yang tinggal bersama perokok aktif, berisiko mengalami berbagai gangguan kesehatan akibat menghirup asap rokok secara terus-menerus. Asap rokok mengandung berbagai zat berbahaya yang dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit pernapasan, penyakit kardiovaskular, serta gangguan kesehatan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak paparan asap rokok terhadap kesehatan perokok pasif dalam keluarga serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko gangguan kesehatan akibat paparan asap rokok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan analitik observasional. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 100 anggota keluarga yang tinggal bersama perokok aktif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner mengenai intensitas paparan asap rokok, karakteristik perokok aktif dalam keluarga, serta kondisi kesehatan responden. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengalami paparan asap rokok dalam kategori tinggi (58%). Keluhan kesehatan yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah batuk berulang (42%), sesak napas (35%), dan keluhan iritasi tenggorokan (31%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara paparan asap rokok dengan gangguan kesehatan pernapasan pada perokok pasif (p=0,002). Paparan asap rokok dalam lingkungan keluarga berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko gangguan kesehatan pada perokok pasif. Upaya pengendalian asap rokok dalam rumah melalui edukasi keluarga dan penerapan rumah bebas asap rokok diperlukan untuk melindungi kesehatan anggota keluarga.
Kata Kunci: Asap Rokok, Perokok Pasif, Kesehatan Keluarga, Gangguan Pernapasan, Paparan Lingkungan
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