Pendampingan Lansia Dalam Pencegahan Risiko Jatuh Melalui Intervensi Keperawatan Gerontik

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Falls are one of the most common health problems among older adults and may result in injuries, disabilities, decreased quality of life, and even death. Physiological changes associated with aging, balance disorders, muscle weakness, and environmental factors contribute significantly to the increased risk of falls among older adults. Fall prevention requires a comprehensive approach through assistance and gerontological nursing interventions. This Community Service Program aimed to improve the knowledge and abilities of older adults and their families in preventing fall risks through education and gerontological nursing assistance. The methods included health education, balance exercise demonstrations, fall risk identification assistance, and evaluation using pre-tests and post-tests. The program involved 30 older adults and family members. The results showed an increase in participants’ average knowledge scores from 60.3 before the intervention to 85.6 after the intervention. Participants were also able to identify fall risk factors and implement preventive measures in their home environment. This program had a positive impact on increasing awareness among older adults and their families regarding safety and fall prevention. Continuous assistance is recommended to sustain fall-prevention behaviors among older adults.

Keywords: Older Adults, Fall Risk, Gerontological Nursing, Fall Prevention, Community Service.

ABSTRAK

Risiko jatuh merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sering terjadi pada kelompok lanjut usia (lansia) dan dapat menyebabkan cedera, kecacatan, penurunan kualitas hidup, hingga kematian. Perubahan fisiologis akibat proses penuaan, gangguan keseimbangan, penurunan kekuatan otot, serta faktor lingkungan menjadi penyebab utama meningkatnya risiko jatuh pada lansia. Upaya pencegahan risiko jatuh memerlukan pendekatan komprehensif melalui pendampingan dan intervensi keperawatan gerontik. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan lansia serta keluarga dalam mencegah risiko jatuh melalui edukasi dan pendampingan keperawatan gerontik. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyuluhan kesehatan, demonstrasi latihan keseimbangan, pendampingan identifikasi risiko jatuh, serta evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test. Kegiatan diikuti oleh 30 lansia dan anggota keluarga. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta dari nilai rata-rata 60,3 menjadi 85,6 setelah intervensi. Selain itu, peserta mampu mengidentifikasi faktor risiko jatuh serta menerapkan langkah-langkah pencegahan di lingkungan rumah. Kegiatan ini memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kesadaran lansia dan keluarga dalam menjaga keselamatan serta mencegah kejadian jatuh. Pendampingan berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk mempertahankan perilaku pencegahan risiko jatuh pada lansia.

Kata Kunci: lansia, risiko jatuh, keperawatan gerontik, pencegahan jatuh, pengabdian kepada masyarakat.