Self-Management Education on the Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v4i4.1916Keywords:
Health Education, Quality of Life, Self-Management, Type 2 Diabetes MellitusAbstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease requiring continuous management. Patients need adequate skills in dietary regulation, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and complication prevention. Poor self-management may negatively affect physical, psychological, and social well-being and overall quality of life. Objective: To determine the effect of self-management education on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design involving 58 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus selected through purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of an eight-week self-management education program covering nutrition, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, complications prevention, and stress management. Quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: The mean quality-of-life score increased from 58.7 before the intervention to 70.1 after the intervention. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: Self-management education has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Structured and continuous education should be integrated into nursing care for patients with diabetes
Downloads
References
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Facilitating positive health behaviors and well-being to improve health outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026. Diabetes Care. 2026;49(Suppl 1).
Aulia, KR, & Rahmat, RA (2026). The Relationship Between Complementary Feeding and Infant Nutritional Status. International Journal of Health Sciences, 4(4), 1193–1201. https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v4i4.1821
Beck J, Greenwood DA, Blanton L, Bollinger ST, Butcher MK, Condon JE, et al. 2017 National standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(10):1409-19.
Chrvala CA, Sherr D, Lipman RD. Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of the effect on glycemic control. Patient Educ Couns. 2016;99(6):926-43.
Dunggio, ARS, & Ibrahim, I. (2025). Diabetes Mellitus Wound Care Education for Families of Patients in the Community. Sahabat Sosial: Journal of Community Service, 3(4), 854–863. https://doi.org/10.59585/sosisabdimas.v3i4.819
Davies MJ, Aroda VR, Collins BS, Gabbay RA, Green J, Maruthur NM, et al. Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2022. A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(11):2753-86.
Debussche X, Besançon S, Balcou-Debussche M, Ferdynus C, Delisle H, Huiart L, et al. Structured peer-led diabetes self-management and support in a low-income country: The ST2EP randomized controlled trial in Mali. PLOS One. 2018;13(1).
Glasgow RE, Ruggiero L, Eakin EG, Dryfoos J, Chobanian L. Quality of life and associated characteristics in a large national sample of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(4):562-7.
Haas L, Maryniuk M, Beck J, Cox CE, Duker P, Edwards L, et al. National standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(Suppl 1).
Hermanns N, Ehrmann D, Finke-Groene K, Kulzer B. Trends in diabetes self-management education: Where are we coming from and where are we going? A narrative review. Diabetes Med. 2015;32(2):123-9.
International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas. 11th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2025.
Jacobson AM, de Groot M, Samson JA. The evaluation of two measures of quality of life in patients with type I and type II diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1994;17(4):267-74.
Ma L, Zhao WS, Wang R, Huo SS, Chu SY, Shi LH, et al. Effect of diabetes self-management education in type 2 diabetes management: A systematic umbrella review of meta-analysis. BMC Endocr Disord. 2026;26:79. doi:10.1186/s12902-026-02183-4.
Powers MA, Bardsley JK, Cypress M, Funnell MM, Harms D, Hess-Fischl A, et al. Diabetes self-management education and support in adults with type 2 diabetes: A consensus report of the American Diabetes Association, the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of PAs, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and the American Pharmacists Association. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):1636-49.
Pannyiwi, R., Rahmat, RA, Cakrawati R, CR, Dasaryandi, KR, & Nasution, N. (2026). Empowerment of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in the Prevention of Diabetic Ulcers and the Risk of Recurrent Infection. Barongko: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 5(1), 985–991. https://doi.org/10.59585/bajik.v5i1.1586
Pannyiwi, R. (2026). The Free Nutritional Meal Program (MBG) as a Government Intervention to Improve Children's Health and Learning Achievement. Social Friends: Journal of Community Service, 4(4), 1586–1599. Retrieved from https://jurnal.agdosi.com/index.php/jpemas/article/view/1361
Schulman-Green D, Jaser SS, Park C, Whittemore R. A metasynthesis of factors influencing self-management of chronic illness. J Adv Nurs. 2012;68(7):1462-77.
Stellefson M, Dipnarine K, Stopka C. The chronic care model and diabetes management in US primary care settings: A systematic review. Prev Chronic Dis. 2013;10.
Syamsulbari, S., Ibrahim, I., Mandasari, P., Ansar, A., & Badarudin, A. (2026). Effectiveness Of Remote Working And Hybrid Working On Employee Productivity. International Journal of Health Sciences, 4(2), 565–574. https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v4i2.1373
Tang TS, Funnell MM, Brown MB, Kurlander JE. Self-management support in “real-world” settings: An empowerment-based intervention. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;79(2):178-84.
van der Heijden AAWA, Rauh SP, Dekker JM, Beulens JWJ, Elders PJM, 't Hart LM, et al. The Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort: A prospective cohort of persons with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care in the Netherlands. BMJ Open. 2017;7.
World Health Organization. WHOQOL-BREF: Introduction, administration, scoring and generic version of the assessment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1996.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ikhsan Ibrahim, Rezqiqah Aulia Rahmat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
