Polyscias Scutellaria As Natural Plant

Abstract

Polyscias scutellaria, commonly known as mangkokan in Indonesia or shield aralia, has long been used in traditional Southeast Asian medicine and is gaining attention for its diverse pharmacological properties. This plant exhibits significant antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, galactopoietic, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities, making it a promising candidate for therapeutic and cosmetic applications. Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Polyscias scutellaria show notable antibacterial effects against various pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Propionibacterium acnes. The plant’s bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, contribute to these effects, indicating its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent. Additionally, studies have revealed its antifungal activity against Candida albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations above 6400 μg/mL, suggesting its therapeutic potential in treating fungal infections. The galactopoietic properties of Polyscias scutellaria are particularly noteworthy in maternal health, with research demonstrating increased prolactin and oxytocin levels in lactating rats, as well as improved mammary gland structure and enhanced offspring survival. These findings support the plant’s potential as a natural supplement for promoting lactation. Moreover, its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects have been shown to mitigate oxidative stress and regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines, reinforcing its role in supporting immune health and managing inflammation-related conditions. In diabetic models, Polyscias scutellaria has demonstrated a capacity to significantly lower blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced rats, with higher doses showing the most pronounced effects, although not surpassing the efficacy of standard metformin treatment. The plant also promotes hair growth, with topical application of its extract resulting in hair length and weight improvements comparable to those of commercial hair growth treatments such as minoxidil. Virtual screening has also identified Polyscias scutellaria bioactive compounds as potential inhibitors of Bcl-2, a protein involved in cervical cancer, suggesting its anticancer properties. These findings underscore the diverse pharmacological activities of Polyscias scutellaria, positioning it as a valuable resource for developing natural therapeutic and cosmetic products. However, further clinical studies are needed to optimize its use, ensure safety, and evaluate its efficacy in human applications.