Self-Efficacy and Anxiety Level of Third-Trimester Primigravida
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.143Keywords:
Self-Efficacy, Primigravida, Third-Trimester, AnxietyAbstract
Childbirth anxiety causes changes in a woman's mind during the third trimester. Prolonged worry can make it difficult for pregnant women to focus and cause them to lose confidence. Purpose: This study determines the relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety levels of third-trimester primigravida pregnant women. Methods: This study used cross-sectional data and correlation analysis. The purposive sampling method selected 82 third-trimester pregnant women as the study population. The study sample included 57 third-trimester pregnant women per the inclusion criteria. This study used two questionnaires: the self-confidence scale and the Revised Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ-R2). The research results on self-efficacy obtained 63.2% with moderate self-efficacy, while anxiety levels obtained the majority with moderate anxiety at 49.1%. Data analysis using the Spearman Rank correlation test formula obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.645 with a significance of 0.000 (p <0, 05). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship in the self-efficacy of third-trimester primigravida pregnant women with anxiety levels with a strong correlation coefficient.
Downloads
References
K. Wallace and S. Araji, “An Overview of Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period,” J. Ment. Heal. Clin. Psychol., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 47–56, 2021, doi: 10.29245/2578-2959/2020/4.1221.
A. Dhillon, E. Sparkes, and R. V. Duarte, “Mindfulness-Based Interventions During Pregnancy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,” Mindfulness (N. Y)., vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 1421–1437, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0726-x.
M. Furtado, C. H. T. Chow, S. Owais, B. N. Frey, and R. J. Van Lieshout, “Risk factors of new onset anxiety and anxiety exacerbation in the perinatal period: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” J. Affect. Disord., vol. 238, no. April, pp. 626–635, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.073.
A. Biaggi, “Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review,” Journal of Affective Disorders, vol. 191. pp. 62–77, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.014.
W. M. Almutairi, “Literature review: Physiological management for preventing postpartum hemorrhage,” Healthc., vol. 9, no. 6, 2021, doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060658.
M. Grajek et al., “Perception of the Body Image in Women after Childbirth and the Specific Determinants of Their Eating Behavior: Cross-Sectional Study (Silesia, Poland),” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 19, no. 16, pp. 1–14, 2022, doi: 10.3390/ijerph191610137.
D. A. Wardani, I. N. Rachmawati, and D. Gayatri, “Maternal Self-Efficacy of Pregnant Indonesian Teens: Development and Validation of an Indonesian Version of the Young Adult Maternal Confidence Scale and Measurement of Its Validity and Reliability,” Compr. Child Adolesc. Nurs., vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 145–151, 2017, doi: 10.1080/24694193.2017.1386983.
R. Brunton, N. Simpson, and R. Dryer, “Pregnancy-related anxiety, perceived parental self-efficacy and the influence of parity and age,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 18, pp. 1–17, 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186709.
A. Maier et al., “The Association Between Test Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Mental Images Among University Students: Results From an Online Survey,” Front. Psychiatry, vol. 12, no. November, pp. 1–9, 2021, doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.618108.
K. Hishikawa, T. Kusaka, T. Fukuda, Y. Kohata, and H. Inoue, “Anxiety or Nervousness Disturbs the Progress of Birth Based on Human Behavioral Evolutionary Biology,” J. Perinat. Educ., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 218–223, 2019, doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.28.4.218.
N. Arma, H. bin Mohamed Yusoff, and H. B. bin Mukhali, “Pregnancy Preparation Analysis And Determinant Factors In Pregnant Women,” J. Kebidanan dan Kesehat. Tradis., no. September, pp. 166–176, 2022.
E. van Vugt and P. Versteegh, “‘She gave me hope and lightened my heart’: The transition to motherhood among vulnerable (young) mothers,” Child. Youth Serv. Rev., vol. 118, no. March, p. 105318, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105318.
A. S. Munna and M. A. Kalam, “Teaching and learning process to enhance teaching effectiveness: literature review,” Int. J. Humanit. Innov., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–4, 2021, doi: 10.33750/ijhi.v4i1.102.
V. Raghupathi and W. Raghupathi, “The influence of education on health: An empirical assessment of OECD countries for the period 1995-2015,” Arch. Public Heal., vol. 78, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00402-5.
M. A. Seven, “Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching,” Innov. Lang. Learn. Teach., vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 62–71, 2019, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-13413-6.
L. Foulkes and J. L. Andrews, “Are mental health awareness efforts contributing to the rise in reported mental health problems? A call to test the prevalence inflation hypothesis,” New Ideas Psychol., vol. 69, no. February, p. 101010, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2023.101010.
J. A. Karl, R. Fischer, E. Druică, F. Musso, and A. Stan, “Testing the Effectiveness of the Health Belief Model in Predicting Preventive Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Romania and Italy,” Front. Psychol., vol. 12, no. January, 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.627575.
G. Samdan, T. Reinelt, N. Kiel, B. Mathes, and S. Pauen, “Maternal self-efficacy development from pregnancy to 3 months after birth,” Infant Ment. Health J., vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 864–877, 2022, doi: 10.1002/imhj.22018.
K. Sahan, R. Kamaşak, and H. Rose, “The interplay of motivated behaviour, self-concept, self-efficacy, and language use on ease of academic study in English medium education,” System, vol. 114, no. June 2022, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.system.2023.103016.
M. McCarthy, C. Houghton, and K. Matvienko-Sikar, “Women’s experiences and perceptions of anxiety and stress during the perinatal period: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis,” BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2021, doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-04271-w.
N. Komariah and S. Wahyuni, “The Relation Between Labor Pain with Maternal Anxiety,” Proc. First Int. Conf. Heal. Soc. Sci. Technol. (ICoHSST 2020), vol. 521, no. ICoHSST 2020, pp. 201–206, 2021, doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.210415.043.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Susanti Susanti, Hafizah Che Hassan, Musheer Abdulwahid Aljaberi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
