Description of Growth and Development of Children Aged 1-3 Years with a History of Low Birth Weight Babies

Growth is an increase in the size and number of cells and intercellular tissue, meaning an increase in the physical size and structure of the body in part or in whole, so that it can be measured in units of length and weight. Development is a change that is both quantitative and qualitative, namely increasing the ability (skills) of more complex body structures and functions, including the development of cognitive, language, motor, emotional and behavioral development. The purpose of this study was to find out the description of growth and development in children aged 1-3 years with a history of Low Birth Weight Babies. This study used a descriptive research method using a cross-sectional approach. The total population is 30 toddlers at the Sudiang Health Center. So the number of samples in this study were 30 people. The sampling technique used in this research is total sampling. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires and distributing observation sheets. The results of this study are a picture of growth and development in children aged 1-3 years, there are characteristics of the child, the sex of the child, parents' education and parents' economic status. there is a history of Low Birth Weight Babies with child development 1-3 years. In conclusion, there is a picture of growth and development in children aged 1-3 years, there are characteristics of the child, the sex of the child, parents' education and parents' economic status. There is a history of Low Birth Weight Babies with child development 1-3 years.


Introduction
The Minimum Age Convention Number 138 of 1973 defines a child as someone aged 15 years and under, while UNICEF defines a child as a resident aged International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License between 0-18 years.Children are the largest proportion of the population in Indonesia, with 33.9 percent or 82.6 million people, with the largest distribution at the age of 0-6 years, namely 32.6 million people (KPPA, 2016).Childhood is a period that is very sensitive to the environment and lasts very short, so this period is referred to as the golden age period, window of opportunity, and critical period (Maryuni E., 2016).
Growth is a change in body size and is something that can be measured such as height, weight, head circumference which can be read in growth books.While the development is more shown in the maturity function of the organs of the body.The first six years are very important and are a stage of rapid growth and development for a child.For this reason, it is important to monitor the growth and development of children so that their growth and development are not hampered.Child development services are very important because developmental abnormalities that are detected early will provide appropriate interventions.Developmental disorders that are detected and intervened late can result in a decline in child development and reduced effectiveness of therapy.In assessing a child's growth, there are several ways that can be used to detect a child's growth and development, by taking anthropometric measurements.This anthropometric measurement includes measurements of body weight, height (body length), head circumference, upper arm circumference (Rati Dwi Sanitasari, DKK, 2017).
The growth of low birth weight babies is physically smaller than babies with normal weight regardless of gestational age.influenced by maternal factors such as mother's age, gestational age, pregnancy spacing and birth spacing that are too close, parity, weight and height, nutritional status, anemia, drinking and smoking habits, certain diseases during pregnancy (eg anemia, bleeding, amniotic fluid).premature rupture, etc.), history of abortion.Fetal factors include twin pregnancies and birth defects, gender and race.Environmental factors such as mother's education and knowledge, occupation and socioeconomic status and culture, antenatal care (Rati Dwi Sanitasari, 2017).
Child development is the result of maturation of the body's organs, especially the central nervous system.In the development of the stages that children must go through to reach adulthood.the most important stage is during the first 3 years, because during this period of growth and development it takes place rapidly and determines the future of the child later.
The age of a 1 year old child is an age full of various interesting things, including changes in how to eat, how to move, also in the desires and attitudes or feelings of your little one when asked to do something he doesn't like, this will reveal his attitude and instinct to say "no" both in words and in deeds, even though this is actually frowned International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License upon (psychologists call this negativity).This fact is different at the age of under one year, your little one will become a very annoying investigator, they will sneak into every corner of the house, touch all the objects they find, shake tables and chairs, drop whatever objects they can drop, climb what they can climbing, inserting small objects into the bodies of larger objects and so on (Soetjiningsih, 2015).

Research Method
This study used a descriptive research method using a cross-sectional approach which is a study on several populations that were observed at the same time.By observing and distributing questionnaires to research respondents, with the intention of knowing the description of growth and development in children aged 1 to 3 years with a history of Low Birth Weight using the FLACC Scale method at the Sudiang Health Center.This research was conducted at the Sudiang Health Center on the 13-26th, data collection was carried out using research instruments in the form of questionnaires and observation sheets for all 1-3 years old with a history of low birth weight in the Sudiang Health Center area and obtained the number of respondents who were willing to participate in the study with Respondents' parents who signed the consent form were 30 respondents.

Results And Discussions
a. Result    with a history of low birth weight.If they don't get good care, the obstacles occur not only in physical growth, but also in their development.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the research and discussion that has been described previously, it can be concluded that: 1) There is a description of the growth of children aged 1-3 years with a history of LBW (Low Birth Weight Babies) 2) There is a development of children aged 1-3 years with a history of LBW (Low Birth Weight Babies) 3) There is a distribution of children dominated by the development of children aged 1 year (36.75%).

b. Discussion 1 .
Bivariate history of low birth weight babies with the development of children aged 1-3 years is proven to be significant with a P value = 0.000, which means that the abnormal development of children aged 1-3 years with events is very risky compared to non-low birth weight babies.2. The basic needs of children for growth and development are generally classified into 3 basic needs namely, physical, biomedical (care) needs, emotional needs, and stimulation needs.3. Children with a history of low birth weight babies can experience mental and physical disorders at the age of five.There are developmental barriers in children International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Publish : Association of Indonesian Teachers and Lecturers International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) Journal Homepage : https://jurnal.agdosi.com/index.php/IJHS/indexVolume 1 | Number 3 | September 2023 |

Table 2 Frequency
Distribution of Respondents Based on Child Development In the Sudiang Community Health Center International Journal of Health Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Publish : Association of Indonesian Teachers and Lecturers International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS) Journal Homepage : https://jurnal.agdosi.com/index.php/IJHS/indexVolume 1 | Number 3 | September 2023 | 2) Child Development

Table 2
above shows that out of 30 respondents, there were 11 respondents (36.7%) who had normal child development and there were 19 respondents (63.3%) who had abnormal child development.